{"id":13338,"date":"2021-12-09T14:45:07","date_gmt":"2021-12-09T12:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elmp.gr\/?post_type=sansimera&p=13338"},"modified":"2021-12-09T14:47:13","modified_gmt":"2021-12-09T12:47:13","slug":"gennithike-i-grace-murray-hopper-gnosti-os-i-giagia-tis-cobol","status":"publish","type":"sansimera","link":"https:\/\/elmp.gr\/en\/sansimera\/gennithike-i-grace-murray-hopper-gnosti-os-i-giagia-tis-cobol\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 Grace Murray Hopper, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u00ab\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Cobol\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 09.12.1906, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 Grace Murray Hopper, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u00ab\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Cobol\u00bb!<\/p>\n

\u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf 1967, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Hopper (\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b1\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd COBOL. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n

\u039f\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Hopper \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 Mark I \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 II \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Harvard \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1940, \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Hopper \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 COBOL. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u00abGrandma Cobol\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1945, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae Mark II \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Harvard, \u03b7 Hopper \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a8\u03ac\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u00bb (bug) \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 19\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 Hopper \u00ab\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00bb \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u00bb (bug) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u00ab\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb (debugging) \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae.<\/p>\n

\u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Remington Rand, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer). \u03a4\u03bf 1952 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf compiler \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u00bb \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 A-0 system. \u039f\u03b9 \u00ab\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2\u00bb \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf 1955, \u03b7 Hopper \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Flow-Matic, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 FORTRAN, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1.<\/p>\n

H Murray Hopper \u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 2016 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba \u039f\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n

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#recall_memory #hellenicITmuseum #elmp #museum #technologymuseum #todayintechhistory #computers #womeninscience #WomenInSTEM #womentech #programmer #programminglanguage #GraceMurrayHopper #Cobol<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/p>\n

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